Building Better Data
The complexity of nature-related data and metrics present a significant challenge for businesses, including the mining sector. Key challenges exist including data quality and accessibility, fragmentation, and capacity to interpret and apply the right data as well as a lack of global standardisation of metrics for measuring the state of nature.
At Anglo American, we recognise that high-quality and fit-for-purpose nature-related data is fundamental to managing both the risks associated with nature loss and the impacts our operational and value chain activities may have on the natural environment. We are acutely aware of the challenges to access, use, and apply the right data to understand and address nature-related issues. In response, we proactively engage with a range of partners and specialist providers to enhance the quality, availability, and granularity of nature-related metrics for our managed land and assets. These efforts are integral to our approach to sustainability and are embedded within our broader strategy to deliver positive outcomes for nature, people, and society.
A list of TNFD aligned metrics that we collect can be found here.
The State of Nature Measurement Metrics
In 2025, Anglo American participated in a global pilot to test the State of Nature metrics, developed and led by the Nature Positive Initiative, which sought to build consensus around a unified set of credible and practical indicators for measuring the state of nature.
The State of Nature framework comprises of four universal indicators and five case-specific indicators. Through this pilot, we are evaluating the effectiveness of these metrics in delivering accurate, science-based measurement, and their ability to drive positive outcomes at the resolutions required by stakeholders.
As part of this pilot, we applied the draft terrestrial metrics at our Brazilian iron ore operation at Minas-Rio. The pilot focused on key use cases including target-setting, project monitoring, and disclosure. In the pilot, we applied five ecosystem and two species indicators to assess their performance and relevance within our operational context, contributing to the development of practical tools that support the transition to a nature-positive future.
The intent was not duplication, but to understand alignment, added value, and the extent to which different methods provide complementary insight when applied at scale.
The assessment showed strong conceptual and practical alignment. The State of Nature metrics offer a consistent, disclosure-ready view of ecosystem condition at a site and landscape scale, while QHH adds site-specific resolution, ecological quality, and decision-useful insight for impact management and Net Positive Impact pathways. Used together, the approaches are mutually reinforcing. The State of Nature metrics supporting comparability and external reporting, and QHH strengthening calibration, interpretation, and action on the ground, demonstrating clear interoperability and a coherent pathway from measurement to meaningful outcomes.
